The United States of America is a federative republic.
Since 1959 the Federation comprises 50 states.
The president is the head of the state and executive body. He is also the commander-in-chief of the army and Navy of the USA. The president and vice-president are elected for a term of four years.
All the legislative power is vested in Congress, which consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. There are 100 senators and 435 members in the House of Representatives. Two Senators from each state are elected by popular vote for a term of six years, the Representatives are elected for two-year term. Both houses must approve the bill for it to become a law.
An essential role in the US political system is played by the Supreme Court, which may declare a law, passed by Congress, to be contradictory to the Constitution of the country.
The various states have legislative and executive bodies of their own. Their structure, function and competence are determined by the Constitution of each state. There is an elected governor at the head of each state. States enjoy independence in their domestic affairs, including financial matters. However, state laws and actions of state authorities must not conflict with the Constitution of the USA.
Политическая система США
Соединенные Штаты Америки являются федеративной республикой.
С 1959 года Федерация состоит из 50 штатов.
Президент является главой государства и исполнительной власти. Он также является Главнокомандующим армии и флота США. Президент и Вице-президент избираются сроком на четыре года.
Вся законодательная власть принадлежит Конгрессу США, который состоит из Сената и Палаты Представителей. Есть 100 сенаторов и 435 членов Палаты Представителей. Два сенатора от каждого штата, избирают всеобщим голосованием сроком на шесть лет, представителей избирают на двухлетний срок. Обе палаты должны утвердить законопроект, чтобы он стал законом.
Существенную роль в политической системе США играет Верховный суд, который может объявить закон, принятый конгрессом, противоречащим Конституции страны.
Различные штаты обладают своими собственными законодательными и исполнительными органами. Их структура, функции и компетенция определяются конституцией каждого штата. Во главе каждого государства есть избранный губернатор. Штаты пользуются независимостью в своих внутренних делах, включая финансовые вопросы. Тем не менее, законы штатов и действия государственных органов не должны противоречить Конституции США.
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Political System of the USA. Политическая система США