Science — Наука
Science is a source of progress. It develops the world we live in. Our century is an epoch of great discoveries in science and engineering. It is epoch of scientific and technological revolution, when new ideas are being born and new discoveries, inventions are being made at an ever increasing rate.
Today science has become the most important factor in the development of national economy in the whole world. Scientific progress serves the interests of society, helps to increase the well-being of people and develops public education.
Computer technology plays the most important role in the progress of science. The ability of computers to solve many mathematical problems more effective than man does, has given rise to new trends in mathematics. Computer science is a new field of study and research. In recent years scientists of the world have achieved great success in the development of physics, chemistry, biology, and such astonishing, interesting science as psychology.
But
There are a lot of world-known scientists. One of the greatest names in history of man’s work in physics is James Clerk Maxwell. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on November 13, 1831. After school he entered the University of native city, attended the University of Cambridge which he graduated in 1854. For two years he lectured, made experiments in optics at Trinity College, studied much himself. In 1856 he became a professor of natural philosophy and in 1860 — a professor of physics and astronomy at kings College in London.
In 1871 Maxwell became a professor of experimental physics at Cambridge. At that time students couldn’t even have such subjects like electricity and magnetism, as there was no laboratory for the study of these subjects. Maxwell organized such a laboratory, which made Cambridge world-known. This was a fruitful period of Maxwell’s life. He studied the problems of electromagnetism, molecular physics, optics, and mechanics.
His most outstanding investigations are in the field of kinetic theory of gases and electricity. Maxwell is the founder of the electromagnetic field. In 1873 he published his work on electricity and magnetism. During these years he also wrote his classic «Matter and Motion», «Atoms», «Attraction», «Faraday». Maxwell died in 1879.
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