Home ⇒ 📌Грмматика английского языка ⇒ Употребление причастий в английском языке
Употребление причастий в английском языке
Функции причастий в английском языке
Причастие настоящего времени в предложении может выступать в роли:
Длительной формы глагола
Например: | I’m Leaving in five minutes. |
The girl is Swimming. |
Прилагательного
Например: | A Dying man |
Your mother is a Charming Person. |
Наречия
Например: | She came Running into the room. |
He ran Screaming Out of the room. |
Герундия
Например: | He |
Smoking is bad for your health. |
Причастие прошедшего времени в предложении может выступать в роли:
Прилагательного
Например: | A Tired woman |
Spoken Words cannot be revoked. |
Вместе с глаголом-помощником » Have » участвует в образовании перфектных времени
Например: | The flower shop Has closed. |
They ‘ve already Left. |
Вместе с глаголом помощником » Be » участвует в образовании пассивных конструкций
Например: | His car Was stolen A couple of days ago. |
The letter Was Posted. |
Участвует в образовании придаточных предложений
Например: | The thief admitted Having stolen the money. |
Deceived by his friends, He lost all hope. |
Термин «Unattached Participle» и почему они не приемлемы в «Standard English»
» Unattached participle » — это термин, используемый для обозначения причастия, оторванного в предложении от слова, которое оно описывает. По этой причине в таких предложениях теряются грамматические связи, и искажается смысл.
Рассмотрим следующие примеры:
Например: | Walking back home yesterday, a tree nearly fell on my head. |
Если посмотреть на это предложение с точки зрения грамматики, то получается, что именно дерево возвращалось домой, так как подлежащим в главном предложении является существительное «a tree». На самом деле данное придаточное предложение должно определять местоимение «I», на которое в предложении указывает словосочетание «my head». |
Не только причастие настоящего, но и прошедшего времени может быть оторвано от слова, которое оно определяет:
Например: | If properly Secured, you shouldn’t be able to remove the cover. |
Здесь речь должна идти о крышке, однако из-за того, что грамматические связи нарушены, смысл предложения искажается. |
Рассмотрим для сравнения примеры предложений, в которых логика не нарушена и грамматические связи не разорваны:
Например: | As I was Walking back home yesterday, a tree nearly fell on my head. |
If the cover is properly Secured, you shouldn’t be able to remove it. |
Таким образом, следует избегать подобного использования причастий, особенно в письменной речи.
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