History of Wales. История Уэльса
The Celts who had first arrived in Wales in the 6th and 7th centuries B. C. were defeated by the Romans in 43 A. D. The Romans also killed large numbers of Druids, the Celtic religious leaders. Druids could not read or write, but they memorized all the things about the laws, history, medicine necessary for the Celts.
The Saxons pushed the Welsh further and further towards the west until, in the 8th century, a Saxon king called Offa built a long ditch to keep them out of England.
Then came the Normans who built huge castles to protect themselves from attacks from the west.
The Welsh fought for many years to win back their freedom. The Welsh king, Llywelyn the Great, tried to unite his people against the English, but his grandson, Llywelyn the Last, was finally defeated in 1282.
The English built great castles in Harlech and Caernarfon, and in 1301 Edward I of England made his eldest son prince of Wales. This tradition has been kept until the present day and
История Уэльса
Кельты, которые первыми появились в Уэльсе в шестом и седьмом веках до нашей эры, были разгромлены римлянами в 43 н. э. Римляне убили также большое число друидов,- кельтских религиозных лидеров. Друиды не могли ни читать, ни писать, но помнили все о законах, истории, медицине, необходимое кельтам.
Саксы оттесняли валлийцев все дальше и дальше на запад, пока в восьмом веке, саксонский король по имени Оффа не построил длинный ров, чтобы не пускать их в Англию.
Потом пришли норманны, которые построили огромные замки, чтобы защитить себя от нападения с запада.
Валлийцы боролись на протяжении многих лет, чтобы вернуть свою свободу. Царь валлийцев, Лливелин Великий пытался объединить свой народ против англичан, но его внук, Лливелина Последний, был окончательно побежден в 1282 году.
Англичане построили огромные замки в Харлч и Карнарвоне, а в 1301 Эдуард I. сделал своего старшего сына принцем Уэльским. Эта традиция сохранилась и по сей день, а в 1969 такая церемония состоялась еще раз. Королева сделала своего старшего сына Чарльза, принцем Уэльским в замке Карнарвон.
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